{"id":152431,"date":"2019-09-29T23:34:17","date_gmt":"2019-09-30T03:34:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sunyouth.org\/timeline\/clark-street-sun-plaidoyer-contre-la-segregation\/"},"modified":"2026-10-25T19:53:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-25T23:53:12","slug":"clark-street-sun-plaidoyer-contre-la-segregation","status":"publish","type":"wp-timeline","link":"https:\/\/sunyouth.org\/fr\/clark-street-sun-plaidoyer-contre-la-segregation\/","title":{"rendered":"Clark Street Sun : plaidoyer contre la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans la colonne de droite de cette page du Clark Street Sun<\/em> parue le 27 octobre 1957, le jeune collaborateur David Goltzman propose un article d’opinion \u00e0 teneur philosophique qui apporte une r\u00e9flexion br\u00e8ve mais lucide sur l’attitude s\u00e9gr\u00e9gationniste de sa soci\u00e9t\u00e9. L’article, traduit plus bas, \u00e9voque deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments historiques importants du 20e si\u00e8cle.<\/p>\n

L’auteur rappelle d’abord les \u00e9v\u00e9nements \u2014 alors tr\u00e8s r\u00e9cents \u2014 de Little Rock, en Arkansas. Il s’agit de l’un des moments les plus importants du mouvement afro-am\u00e9ricain des droits civiques, qui prit la forme d’une confrontation entre le pouvoir de l’\u00c9tat am\u00e9ricain et le gouvernement f\u00e9d\u00e9ral. En 1957, des partisans de la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation raciale, dont le gouverneur de l’Arkansas, Orval Faubus, emp\u00each\u00e8rent neuf \u00e9l\u00e8ves afro-am\u00e9ricains inscrits \u00e0 la Little Rock Central High School de poursuivre leurs \u00e9tudes, sur la base de motifs raciaux. Le pr\u00e9sident des \u00c9tats-Unis de l’\u00e9poque, Dwight D. Eisenhower, fit alors intervenir l’arm\u00e9e pour que le maintien du droit soit assur\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Goltzman mentionne aussi la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 d’apprendre \u00e0 vivre en paix avec les voisins vivant derri\u00e8re le \u00ab rideau de fer \u00bb. Rappelons qu’\u00e0 l’\u00e9poque, le monde occidental \u00e9tait divis\u00e9 en deux principales puissances politiques : celles du monde capitaliste (les pays europ\u00e9ens de l’ouest et de l’Am\u00e9rique du Nord, si l’on simplifie), et celles du monde communiste sovi\u00e9tique (ceux se trouvant principalement \u00e0 l’est de l’Allemagne, de la Tch\u00e9coslovaquie, de la Hongrie et de la Yougoslavie, incluant la Russie, pour simplifier encore). On appelle la \u00ab\u00a0guerre froide\u00a0\u00bb le conflit qui opposa ces deux puissances jusqu’au tournant des ann\u00e9es 1990, moment o\u00f9 le Bloc communiste s’effondra. Dans les ann\u00e9es cinquante, la crainte d’une confrontation entre ces deux puissances, qui aurait impliqu\u00e9 l’utilisation de forces nucl\u00e9aires, \u00e9tait particuli\u00e8rement pr\u00e9gnante.<\/p>\n

Ces propos de 1957 trouvent-ils encore \u00e9cho dans notre monde d’aujourd’hui?<\/p>\n

Jeunesse au soleil continuera toujours de se battre contre le racisme, la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation et l’injustice sociale.<\/p>\n

\n

(traduction maison)<\/p>\n

En r\u00e9trospective<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le leurre de la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation <\/strong><\/p>\n

par David Goltzman <\/strong><\/p>\n

Peu avant la R\u00e9volution fran\u00e7aise, le grand philosophe fran\u00e7ais Rousseau d\u00e9clarait : \u00ab L\u2019homme est n\u00e9 libre et partout il est dans les fers. \u00bb Cette id\u00e9e refl\u00e8te l\u2019\u00e9tat de la situation depuis les d\u00e9buts de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 humaine jusqu’\u00e0 nos jours. \u00c0 l’origine, cette citation d\u00e9crivait la situation existant en France au XVIIIe si\u00e8cle, o\u00f9 le roi et les nobles privil\u00e9gi\u00e9s niaient aux paysans pauvres des droits semblables aux leurs. Or, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque moderne, une situation similaire persiste. L\u2019homme prive toujours son voisin de sa pr\u00e9rogative de jouir de la \u00ab libert\u00e9, \u00e9galit\u00e9 et fraternit\u00e9 \u00bb et il ne tient pas compte du principe constitutif de sa religion voulant qu\u2019il ne doive pas \u00ab faire aux autres ce qu\u2019il ne voudrait pas qu\u2019on lui fasse \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Les r\u00e9cents incidents scandaleux survenus dans le sud des \u00c9tats-Unis, en particulier ceux de Little Rock, en Arkansas, illustrent tr\u00e8s bien cette situation. De tels actes et un tel comportement antisocial dans un pays d\u00e9mocratique dominant, b\u00e2ti sur le principe selon lequel \u00ab tous les hommes naissent \u00e9gaux et jouissent du droit inali\u00e9nable \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 \u00bb constitue en effet un grave revers pour les humanistes et le travail des Nations Unies.<\/p>\n

N\u2019allons toutefois pas croire qu\u2019au-del\u00e0 des \u00c9tats-Unis, notamment dans notre pays, nos syst\u00e8mes de valeurs, notre couleur et notre religion n\u2019ont pas pourri une partie du halo ang\u00e9lique que nous imaginons nous entourer. Car ces facteurs n\u2019ont-ils pas jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le majeur dans la fa\u00e7on dont nous avons \u00e9tabli la priorit\u00e9 des postes importants dans nos propres magasins et bureaux?<\/p>\n

En guise de conclusion, rappelons-nous que nous ne pourrons apprendre \u00e0 vivre en paix avec nos voisins derri\u00e8re le rideau de fer si la discrimination et la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation persistent dans nos propres villes et villages.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans la colonne de droite de cette page du Clark Street Sun parue le 27 octobre 1957, le jeune collaborateur David Goltzman propose un article d’opinion \u00e0 teneur philosophique qui apporte une r\u00e9flexion br\u00e8ve mais lucide sur l’attitude s\u00e9gr\u00e9gationniste de sa soci\u00e9t\u00e9. L’article, traduit plus bas, \u00e9voque deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments historiques importants du 20e si\u00e8cle. L’auteur […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":150388,"parent":0,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-152431","wp-timeline","type-wp-timeline","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nClark Street Sun : plaidoyer contre la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation | Jeunesse au soleil<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sunyouth.org\/fr\/clark-street-sun-plaidoyer-contre-la-segregation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Clark Street Sun : plaidoyer contre la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation | Jeunesse au soleil\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dans la colonne de droite de cette page du Clark Street Sun parue le 27 octobre 1957, le jeune collaborateur David Goltzman propose un article d’opinion \u00e0 teneur philosophique qui apporte une r\u00e9flexion br\u00e8ve mais lucide sur l’attitude s\u00e9gr\u00e9gationniste de sa soci\u00e9t\u00e9. 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